Initially focused on business computing and was not suitable for multimedia. However, it is now easier to find multimedia hardware and software for Windows as compared to the Macintosh. They are relatively less expensive. They are expensive to install and maintain. They are made of flexible mylar plastic coated with a thin layer of special magnetic material.
It is suitable for archiving data. They provide sharp and detailed video resolution. The most common keyboard for PCs is the style, which provides keys.
They are categorized as flat-bed, handheld, and drum. These images can then be uploaded to a computer. The images generated are very bright and color saturated and can be projected onto wide screens.
Of all computer applications, word processing is the most common. To perform word processing, you need a computer, a special program called a word processor, and a printer. A word processor enables you to create a document, store it electronically on a disk, display it on a screen, modify it by entering commands and characters from the keyboard, and print it on a printer. The great advantage of word processing over using a typewriter is that you can make changes without retyping the entire document.
If you make a typing mistake, you simply back up the cursor and correct your mistake. If you want to delete a paragraph, you simply remove it, without leaving a trace. It is equally easy to insert a word, sentence, or paragraph in the middle of a document. Word processors also make it easy to move sections of text from one place to another within a document, or between documents.
When you have made all the changes you want, you can send the file to a printer to get a hardcopy. You can also direct the word processor to replace one group of characters with another everywhere that the first group appears.
Word processors that support only these features and maybe a few others are called text editors. Most word processors, however, support additional features that enable you to manipulate and format documents in more sophisticated ways.
These more advanced word processors are sometimes called full-featured word processors. Full-featured word processors usually support the following features:. For example, you can specify bold, italics, and underlining. Most word processors also let you change the font size and even the typeface. Some word processors let you create the illustrations within the word processor; others let you insert an illustration produced by a different program. The word processor automatically keeps track of page numbers so that the correct number appears on each page.
The keystrokes can represent text or commands. The ability to define macros allows you to save yourself a lot of time by replacing common combinations of keystrokes. This is particularly useful for generating many files that have the same format but different data. Generating mailing labels is the classic example of using merges.
It will highlight any words that it does not recognize. Each document appears in a separate window. This is particularly valuable when working on a large project that consists of several different files. The line dividing word processors from desktop publishing systems is constantly shifting. In general, though, desktop publishing applications support finer control over layout, and more support for full-color documents.
Text Editor: Sometimes called text editor, a program that enables you to create and edit text files. There are many different types of editors, but they all fall into two general categories:. The distinction between editors and word processors is not clear-cut, but in general, word processors provide many more formatting features.
Nowadays, the term editor usually refers to source code editors that include many special features for writing and editing source code. Compressing Movie Files Image compression algorithms are critical to the delivery of motion video and audio on both the Macintosh and PC platforms. To understand compression , consider these three basic concepts: Compression Ratio: The compression ratio represents the size of the compressed imagethat is, how much the data is actually compressed.
Some compression schemes yield ratios that are dependent on the image content: a busy image of a field of multicolored tulips may yield a very small compression ratio, and an image of blue ocean and sky may yield a very high compression ratio. Video compression typically manages only the part of an image that changes from image to image.
Image quality: Compression is either lossy or lossless. Lossy schemes ignore picture information that the viewer may not miss, but that means the picture information is in fact lost - even after decompression. And as more and more information is removed during compression, image quality decreases. Lossless schemes preserve the original data precisely--an important consideration in medical imaging, for example.
The compression ratio typically affects picture quality because, usually, the higher the compression ratio, the lower the quality of the decompressed image. Users, on the other hand, will appreciate a fast decompression time to increase display performance.
Each type crams more or less information into the tiniest possible storage space. Image Editing Tools: Image - editing applications are specialized and powerful tools for enhancing and retouching existing bitmapped images. These applications also provide many of the features and tools of painting and drawing programs and can be used to create images from scratch as well as images digitized from scanners, video frame -grabbers, digital cameras, clip art files, or original artwork files created with a painting ordrawing packages.
Multiple windows that provide views of more than one image at a time. Conversion of major image-data type and industry-standard file formats. Direct inputs of images from scanner and video sources. Employment of a virtual memory scheme that uses hard disk space as RAM for images that requir large amounts of memory. Capable selection tools, such as rectangle, lassos, and magic wands, for selecting portions of a bitmap.
Image and balance controls for brightness, contrast, and color balance. Good masking features. Multiple undo and restore features. Anti-aliasing capability and sharpening and smoothing controls. Color-mapping controls for precise adjustment of color balance. Ability to create images from scratch, using line, rectangle, square circle ellipse polygen airbrush, paintbrush, pencil, and eraser tools with customizable brush shapes and userdefinable bucket and gradient fills.
Multiple typefaces, styles and sizes and type manipulation and masking routines. Filters for special effects such as crystallize dry brush emboss, facet, fresco, graphicpen, mosaic, pixelize, poster, ripple, smooth, splatter, stucco, twirl, watercolor, wave and wind. Support for third-party special- effect plug-ins. Ability to design in layers that can be combined, hidden, and reordered. By drawing the representation of the sound in a waveform, you can cut, copy, paste and edit segments of the sound with great precision and making your own sound effects.
Using editing tools to make your own MIDI files requires knowing about keys, notations and instruments and you will need a MIDI synthesizer or device connected to the computer. OCR software transforms printed or hand-printed text into electronic data that can be used in a computer system. All OCR software starts with an electronic image of the text, usually created with a document scanner. Some people think of this as an OCR scanner, but the OCR is actually performed by optical character recognition software after scanning.
The scanner only produces an image of the document, much like taking a picture of it. The OCR software then examines the image of the scanned document; identifies each letter, number and punctuation mark; and produces equivalent text in a machinereadable digital form that can be used by a computer system. A related technology, ICR intelligent character recognition can convert clearly written hand-printed text.
But OCR alone is not enough when a company or government agency must deal with documents as part of a business process. Companies that rely on a document-driven business process must do more than simply convert written text to digital text.
For example, just doing OCR for invoices does not identify the important pieces of information vendor, address, items, prices, payment terms, and so on. It does not verify that the OCR software has converted the information correctly. And it does not match the invoices with the corresponding purchase orders. With OCR alone, these important steps require time-consuming and costly manual effort.
Also, OCR software results depend on the image quality of the scanned documents. Documents that have colored or patterned backgrounds, that have been marked with highlighter pens, or that are crooked when scanned can yield poor OCR results. Fixing these bad results means either adjusting the scanner settings and rescanning the document perhaps multiple times or manually keying in corrections to the electronic data.
Painting, Drawing and Animation Drawing: Drawing is a visual art that makes use of any number of drawing instruments to mark a two-dimensional medium. Common instruments include graphite pencils, pen and ink, inked brushes, wax color pencils, crayons, charcoals, chalk, pastels, markers, stylus, or various metals like silverpoint. WordPress Shortcode. Share Email. Top clipped slide. Download Now Download Download to read offline. Multimedia Presentation and Authoring Sep.
Tamanna Sehgal Follow. Chapter 2 multimedia authoring and tools. Mutlimedia authoring tools. Introduction To Multimedia. Multimedia presentation. Basic Software Tools for multi-media.
Multimedia software tools. Related Books Free with a 30 day trial from Scribd. Dry: A Memoir Augusten Burroughs. Related Audiobooks Free with a 30 day trial from Scribd. Multimedia Presentation and Authoring 1. It includes video, graphics, audio, music etc. Multimedia presentation A multimedia presentation differs from a normal presentation in that it contains some form of animation or special media. Choice of multimedia presentation technology The first — and hardest — part is to choose the technology for your presentation.
It also has very good video compression technology. You can add in video, a soundtrack and also a reasonable degree of animation. By defining the objects' relationships to each other, and by sequencing them in an appropriate order. Typically, though, authoring tools require less technical knowledge to master and are used exclusively for applications that present a mixture of textual, graphical, and audio data. Another commonly used term is Interactive Multimedia.
How does this differ? Well, in general interactive multimedia is multimedia that allows the user to interact with the information being presented as well as control what order and how it will be presented.
In this way, the user is able to navigate through information at their own pace and based on their own personal interests. A linear presentation is one in which the author decides the sequence and manner in which information is presented. The user controls only the pace. A branching program is one in which the user has some control over the sequence of presentation by selecting from a group of choices such as from a main menu.
The author still maintains the control of deciding what to include in the choices available at any point in the program. Hypermedia - Hypermedia can be thought of as a web of interrelated information in which the user is in almost complete control of the pace and, to a somewhat lesser extent, the sequence and content of the presentation.
Links provide for random access of information. Usually the terms multimedia and interactive multimedia are used interchangeably. Since the mids, there have been many changes in creating, delivering, and using multimedia. First, software and hardware technologies have innovated methods and processes for creating multimedia. Multimedia producers more easily create multimedia with graphical user interface tools and advanced hardware.
Second, high speed Internet made the multimedia delivery faster even in real time interaction between users and media or web servers. Many people can experience various multimedia contents without problems such as network disconnection.
Third, there were also innovations in technologies for using multimedia. After the emergence of iPhone, iPod, and iPad, many high-tech manufacturers and service providers pay more attention on multimedia device technologies that can support different purposes of software. Now, many people use their smart phones, tablet PCs, and other new portable multimedia devices. Multimedia provides multiple channels of information to be delivered to users.
It can also be very motivating for students, and can help them achieve understanding in new ways. The use of sound, photographs and video enables the user to observe real world situations in ways that are not possible with more conventional methods of instruction. There is also a high level of interaction. Most educational multimedia programs expect students to make choices about what they want to do next and the way in which they wish to work through the material.
Thus they are not passive but active learners. In addition, multimedia is theoretically able to address different learning strategies - allowing students to learn at their own pace. Let's look closer at some of the components that are commonly used in multimedia:.
Text often shapes the content of a multimedia title. On the other hand, large amounts of text data can be a sign of a "converted book", not a true multimedia design. Technically speaking a text medium is easy to handle and store. As a rule text passages should be brief and the font should be easy to read on the computer screen. Graphics shape the design of a multimedia title, adding visual appeal and expressing concepts that text alone cannot easily communicate.
Graphics is a more complex medium than text. They are more difficult to create, and you have to deal with a number of colors and screen resolutions. In addition, graphics files tend to be quite large. A single color picture for the computer screen can easily fill up several standard floppy disks.
However, applications from the entertainment side of the business have established high quality graphics and photo realistic images as basic elements of all multimedia applications. Sound can refer to speech, natural or synthesized sound effects, or music.
You can use spoken words to complement written text, and music and sound effects to create a mood, add emphasis or realism, or signal interactivity. Technically, dealing with sound is comparable to dealing with graphics.
With recorded digitized sound you have to deal with sound quality and storage capacity. Music can mean "recorded songs", or the computer can imitate instruments and produce synthesized music. Digitized video offers a level of authenticity similar to television or movies - with some performance limitations.
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